The end of June 1263 saw Montfort begin the final campaign to force a provisional government on Henry and his […]
Tag: Henry
England’s first constitution
May – June 1264 The battle won, Simon quickly secured the surrender of Henry and Edward by agreeing to two […]
Victory for the common enterprise
14 May 1264 For all the savagery of the civil war, the strategy was about chipping away at the enemy’s […]
The road to Lewes
1264 As usual, the initial fighting broke out in the west. Henry de Montfort scored an early triumph by bottling […]
Unmindful of his own honour
January 1264 A truce was to be observed during the course of arbitration. Henry being Henry, he ordered Roger Mortimer, […]
Never to perjurers and apostates
1263 The turmoil resulted in much spoliation of property, the ruffians playing a major role in it, and the demands […]
On the brink
1263 Edward was the first to return. Scolded by his father for “indolence and wantoness” while the Welsh ravaged the […]
More arbitration, more disaffection
1262 When the two sides could not agree on any amendments to the Provisions, the arbitrator, Richard of Cornwall, ruled […]
Henry resurgent, Simon goes into exile
1261 Henry’s basic grievance was that the barons had gone beyond the intentions of the Provisions. They had met and […]
Henry’s moves against Simon backfire…for now
1261 Father and son were soon reconciled, mostly because Henry, whatever his other faults, was a devoted family man. Relations […]
Edward joins the movement
1259 – 1260 At the opening of parliament in October, a group calling itself the ‘community of the bachelors of […]
The king’s privations
1258 – 1259 At this point all eyes turned to Rome and Paris. The pope had threatened to excommunicate Henry […]
The new faith
1258 Henry’s years of misrule were seemingly at an end. The provisions adopted at Oxford were akin to an unwritten […]
More than all the thunder and lightning in the world
1258 Roger Bigod assured Henry he was not. They asked only for the removal of the aliens and establishment of […]
The third hour of the third day
1258 Henry urged Richard to accept the crown of Germany to avoid the appearance of weakness in the face of […]
Another king in the family
1257 Earlier in that disastrous year Richard left for Aachen to be crowned King of the Romans, which was a […]
The lord Edward
1257 The Lusignans were despised for their arrogance and lawlessness, not least by Queen Eleanor. She saw these ill-bred in-laws […]
Giving William a taste of his own medicine
1257 Simon was one of the commissioners appointed to deal with Alexander in Rome, but the mission, for reasons unknown, […]
Introducing Crouchback
1257 The rout of papal forces continued, as did Rustand’s exactions. The clergy was left isolated until the king made […]
Fool’s gold
1257 For his part, Henry started collecting gold, which he would need to finance an army in Sicily. Frederick had […]